WHAT ARE THE DYNAMICS OF THE MANTLE AND CRUST AND HOW DOES THE EARTH'S SURFACE RESPOND?

Processes occurring deep within the Earth drive much of the deformation and change that occurs at the Earth's surface. How does the mantle flow at depth? How do the forces in the mantle and crust cause surface changes? The connections between the core and the Earth's surface through the mantle and crust offer the keys to answering these questions.