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Satellites
in low Earth orbit are known to have detrimental radiation effects
when they are over the South Atlantic Anomaly due to the decrease
in magnetic field strength. By investigating the behavior of the
anomaly, and the general weakening of the magnetic field, we may
hope to understand the complex dynamics of the magnetic field and
how it affects our lives.
Expected
Accomplishments:
- Understanding
the dynamo that generates the Earth's magnetic field
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Separation of the external field from the internal field on a
wide range of temporal and spatial scales
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Determining whether it is possible to predict changes in the Earth's
magnetic field
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Measurement of the core's contribution to the Earth's
rotation
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Understanding the 3-D electrical conductivity structure of the
mantle
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Map of magnetization of the Earth's crust
Practical
Benefit to Society:
- Estimation
of interannual and longer changes in mean atmospheric and oceanic
zonal circulation from length-of-day observations and calculations
of core circulation
- Forecasts
of the magnetic field on decadal time scales, important for evaluation
of the effects of space weather on communications and satellite
operations
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